ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción. En estudios previos se detectó la presencia de Leishmania infantum en Rhipicephalus sanguineus, lo cual planteaba la posibilidad de que R. sanguineus transmitiera la leishmaniasis a una variedad de huéspedes. Objetivo. Identificar Leishmania (Viannia) spp. en garrapatas recolectadas en animales silvestres de una zona endémica para leishmaniasis. Materiales y métodos. Se hicieron 81 extracciones individuales de ADN en las garrapatas recogidas de tres tapires o dantas (Tapirus terrestres) y tres pecaríes de collar (Pecari tajacu) cazados en Madre de Dios, Perú. Las garrapatas recolectadas se identificaron taxonómicamente y se prepararon para la identificación del cinetoblasto (kDNA) de Leishmania (Viannia) spp. mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), así como de la especie de Leishmania mediante PCR de fusión de alta resolución (High Resolution Melt, HRM). Resultados. Se detectó el kDNA de Leishmania (V) spp. en tres garrapatas silvestres de R. (Boophilus) microplus, Canestrini, 1888, recolectadas en un pecarí de collar cazado en la selva de Madre de Dios. El análisis mediante HRM-PCR evidenció que una de las muestras positivas de kDNA tenía una curva compatible con L. (V) guyanensis. Conclusión. Los resultados evidenciaron la presencia de ADN de L. (V) guyanensis en R. (Boophilus) microplus, probablemente adquirida después de picar al pecarí. Es importante hacer nuevos estudios para aclarar la participación de R. (Boophilus) microplus en la transmisión de la leishmaniasis.
Abstract Introduction: Previous studies identified the presence of Leishmania infantum in Rhipicephalus sanguineus and indicated the possibility that it could transmit leishmaniasis to a variety of hosts. Objective: To identify parasites of Leishmania (Viannia) spp. in ticks collected from wild animals in an endemic area for leishmaniasis. Materials and methods: We performed 81 individual DNA extractions from ticks collected from three Tapirus terrestris and three Pecari tajacu in Madre de Dios, Perú. Ticks were taxonomically identified and they were subsequently prepared to identify Leishmania (Viannia) spp. kDNA by PCR and the species of Leishmania by HRM-PCR. Results: Leishmania (Viannia) kDNA was detected in three wild ticks of the species R. microplus, collected from a collard peccary (P. tajacu) hunted in the forests of Madre de Dios. The HRM-PCR showed that one of the positive samples had a kDNA curve compatible with L. (V) guyanensis. Conclusion: The results showed the presence of L. (V) guyanensis DNA in R. microplus possibly acquired after biting a collarde peccary. Therefore, it is important to design future studies to clarify R. microplus involvement in the transmission of leishmaniasis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Arachnid Vectors/parasitology , Artiodactyla/parasitology , Tick Infestations/veterinary , Leishmania guyanensis/isolation & purification , Rhipicephalus/parasitology , Perissodactyla/parasitology , Peru/epidemiology , Species Specificity , Tick Infestations/parasitology , Disease Reservoirs , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/transmission , Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Leishmania guyanensis/genetics , DNA, Kinetoplast/analysis , Endemic DiseasesABSTRACT
Introdução - O estudo dos aspectos histológicos dos funículos espermáticos do cateto (Tayassu tajacu), adultos, procura melhor conhecer a morfologia do aparelho reprodutor. Material e Métodos - Para a descrição histológica utilizou-se seis pares de funículos corados com hematoxilina-eosina, picrosirius, Tricômico de Masson, Tricômico de Mallory, reticulina de Gordon e Verhoeff. Resultados e Conclusões - Observou-se que os componentes acham-se envolvidos por delgada camada de tecido conjuntivo denso recoberto por mesotélio. Sob esta cápsula, encontra-se tecido conjuntivo frouxo e tecido adiposo. Entre os componentes, há tecido conjuntivo frouxo intervascular com algumas arteríolas, vênulas e linfáticos, com predomínio de fibras colágenas e algumas elásticas e reticulares. A artéria testicular ao percorrer o funículo espermático se apresenta sinuosa com o diâmetro pouco variável, encontrando-se totalmente rodeada pelas veias do plexo pampiniforme; constituída por túnica interna: endotélio com delimitada membrana elástica limitante interna; túnica média: espessa camada de musculatura lisa é sustentada por rica e ordenada rede de fibras reticulares; túnica externa: a adventícia formada de tecido conjuntivo com fibras colágenas, muitas fibras elásticas e reticulares que se continuam com o tecido conjuntivo frouxo intervascular e com a adventícia das veias. As veias testiculares, que constituemo plexo pampiniforme, mostram lumens irregulares, são desprovidas de válvulas e a túnica média é formada por fibras musculares lisas apoiadas em irregular rede de fibras reticulares. O ducto deferente encontra-se na periferia do funículo espermático.
Introdution - A histological study of spermatic cords of the adult wild boar (Tayassu tajacu) for a better knowledge of the morphology of the reproduction apparatus. Methods - A histological study of 6 spermatic cord pairs stained with hematoxylin-eosin, picrosirius, Mason, Mallory, Gordon and Verhoeff was used. Results and Conclusions - It was observed that its components were enveloped by a thin layer of dense conjunctive tissue covered by a mesothelium capsule. Under the capsule there was connective tissue and adipose tissue. Among the components there is a loose intervascular tissue with some arterioles, venules and lymph capillaries with predominance of colagen fibers and some elastic and reticular fibers. The testicular artery who going through the espermatic cord presents itself with the diameter little variable being thoroughly surrounded by the veins of the pampiniform plexus; consisting of an inner layer: endothelium with limiting elastic inner membrane; middle layer: the thick layer of smooth musculature which is supported by a rich and tidy net of reticular fibers; outer layer: the adventitia made up by the connective tissue with colagen fibers, many elastic and reticular fibers which have a continuation with the loose connective intervascular tissue and with the adventitia of the veins. The testicular veins which constitute the pampiniform plexus shows irregular lumens and are destituted of valves, and the middle layer is formed by smooth muscular fibers sustained in irregular net of reticular fibers. The vas deferens is located at the periphery of the spermatic cord.